Use date libraries (Luxon, date-fns, Day.js) instead of manual calculations. They handle leap years, month lengths, and DST transitions correctly. Rolling your own date math inevitably misses edge cases that libraries have already solved.
Validate input thoroughly: Reject impossible dates (February 30, month 13), dates far in the past (year 1800 might indicate data entry errors), and future dates (unless calculating time until birth). Clear error messages help users correct mistakes.
Display multiple formats: Show age in years-months-days (e.g., '25 years, 3 months, 5 days'), total days (9,226 days), and upcoming milestones ('Next birthday in 270 days'). Different contexts need different precision levels.
Consider privacy when storing birth dates: Full dates enable precise age tracking but reveal more PII than necessary. For age-gated content, store only birth year or 'is over 18' flags. Minimize data collection to reduce privacy and security risks.