Data sanitization removes or replaces problematic characters. SQL injection prevention replaces quotes, CSV export converts commas to alternate separators, and filename cleaning substitutes slashes with hyphens.
Format conversion changes delimiters and separators. Converting CSV to TSV replaces commas with tabs, normalizing line endings replaces \r\n with \n, and changing list formats swaps semicolons for newlines.
Text obfuscation replaces sensitive characters: masking email addresses changes letters to asterisks, phone number privacy replaces digits with X, and redaction substitutes words with '[REDACTED]'.
Encoding and escaping uses replacement for special characters. HTML entities replace '<' with '<', URL encoding converts spaces to '%20', and escaping quotes in JSON replaces '"' with '\"'.